The Harvard physics program does not permit students to apply for a master's (AM) degree -- the program only accepts applications for a PhD, although many physics PhD students receive an AM degree along the way to completing their doctorate. However, the applied physics program at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) offers a master of science degree -- you can examine their areas of research at http://www.physics.harvard.edu/research/facresearch.html. On the online application form, I found a place to upload a "writing sample." Are writing samples required by the physics department? ts and Sciences (GSAS) require a writing sample, but the physics department does not. For information on the required materials for the application to the physics program, please see GSAS page for prospective physics students. Are there separate deadlines for online and paper materials? To ensure consideration of your application, please ensure that all your application materials meet the physics graduate program's deadline.
Answers to SUBJECT AREAS
Can I apply both to physics and another program at the same time? Prospective students are indeed permitted to apply simultaneously to two separate programs at Harvard. For example, students are free to apply both to the Department of Physics and SEAS. (By contrast, students may not apply to multiple departments within any single program, so you cannot apply to two different departments that are both contained within SEAS.)
From the official application instructions: "Consideration by More than One Program — [...] The Graduate School does not recommend submission of more than one application. However, if you choose to submit multiple applications (up to a limit of two), the applications may not share any item. Each application must have its own transcripts, recommendations, financial data, test scores, [application fee], etc. All supplemental materials must be scanned, uploaded, and attached to your online application. It is Graduate School policy that an individual may
submit only one application per program. It is Graduate School policy that an individual may submit no more than three applications during the course of his or her academic career." Will my application be harmed if I apply to two separate programs? Your application will not be negatively affected. My undergraduate background is in engineering, and most of my technical courses are in applied math, applied chemistry, and applied physics. Is Harvard’s physics department the right program for me? The physics department has had many students with an undergraduate engineering degree. Given your undergraduate major in mechanical engineering, and your previous courses in applied math, applied chemistry, and applied physics, you might also be interested in applying to one of the programs in Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) -- you may find it useful to examine their areas of research. I’m hoping to do observational astronomy/astrophysics at the Center for Astrophysics (CfA). Should I be applying to the department of physics? Astrophysics is offered by both the Department of Astronomy and of Physics. If deemed appropriate, applications for Astrophysics may be transferred by the Physics committee to the Department of Astronomy for review.
If you're interested in doing observational astronomy/astrophysics at the Center for Astrophysics (CfA), you might consider applying to Harvard’s Department of Astronomy instead of or in addition to the physics department. For more information about the astronomy department, please see http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/ast/. I’m concerned about which department I should apply to. The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) permits candidates to apply to up to two programs at the same time, and up to three over a student's entire career. Furthermore, admissions committees sometimes share applications when they believe certain candidates have interests that suit other programs.
I know that applicants are allowed to apply to two departments simultaneously. I don’t see an "add second department" option -- do I need to open a second application? Students who are applying to two programs must submit two applications.
Answers to ACCEPTANCE QUESTIONS
Given my academic background, what are my odds of acceptance? The physics department's admissions committee reviews each candidate's entire application, including statement of purpose, transcript, experience, GRE scores, and letters of recommendation -- the statement of purpose and letters of recommendation being especially important. Beyond that, the department cannot determine in advance the likelihood of success in any particular case.
Answers to ENROLLMENT/FUNDING QUESTIONS
Do I need to submit financial information with my application? Financial information is not required for applications to the physics department. How much funding do physics graduate students receive? All Harvard physics graduate students are guaranteed funding, which fully covers tuition and fees, the student's health insurance (family members can join the student's plan, but must fully pay their own share), and an annual salary of approximately $25k, or $30k if the student secures summer funding as well or if the student wins an outside fellowship (the NSF GRFP, for example). How do graduate students without external fellowships secure summer funding at Harvard’s physics program? Students can obtain summer funding by obtaining a research appointment (RA) with a faculty member’s research group. Students who are unable to obtain a summer RA can instead secure funding by assistant-teaching summer classes, or by working in the library or machine shop. Are international PhD students guaranteed funding at Harvard’s physics department? Many international students apply to and are accepted to our physics program; in past years, up to 40% of our students have been international. And all PhD students -- including international students -- are guaranteed funding. Please see our "Admissions and Financial Aid" page (in particular, the section under "Financial Aid") for detailed information about our program's funding structure for graduate students. Does the physics department permit part-time enrollment? The department does not permit part-time enrollment. Full-time enrollment is considered to be 40 hours per week, although in practice most graduate students often work much longer hours -- the work consists mainly of research, but certain semesters also include assistant-teaching.
Answers to ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS
What courses are required for candidacy to the program? There are no specific, mandatory course requirements for candidacy. However, prospective students should be well-versed in intermediate physics and mathematics. Typically, applicants will have devoted between 50 and 60 credit hours -- approximately half of their undergraduate work -- to physics, mathematics, and chemistry. It is desirable for every applicant to have completed at least one year of introductory quantum mechanics classes.
My undergraduate major is in a subject different from physics, and I did not take key physics classes like statistical physics and quantum mechanics, but I have strengths in other areas, such as high GRE scores. Am I precluded from applying? Everyone is entitled to apply to the physics program. Weaker course background can sometimes be balanced out by stronger areas on a prospective student's application for admission, such as GRE scores, but the department cannot determine in advance the likelihood of success in any particular case. Can I still apply for the PhD program if I plan on graduating from my undergraduate institution during the summer before the first fall semester? The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) requires only that incoming students have graduated by their intended date of matriculation, so graduating during the summer before the first fall semester is generally acceptable. What are the course requirements for obtaining a PhD? Course requirements for physics PhD students consist of: - 2 semesters of graduate-level quantum mechanics (at the level of Merzbacher or Gottfried/Yan), - 1 semester of graduate-level statistical mechanics (at the level of Pathria), - 1 semester of graduate-level electromagnetism (at the level of Jackson), - 4 semesters of elective courses at the graduate level, with no more than 2 in any single subject area - 1 semester of the graduate-level experimental laboratory course (for theorists)
Some of these requirements may be waived if the student has taken equivalent courses previously, depending on the discretion of the physics department's Committee on Higher Degrees. For more details, please see our official page on course requirements, as well as our page on petitioning the Committee on Higher Degrees for course credit.
You can find a full list of course offerings in the physics department here and course offerings from other departments by visiting courses.my.harvard.edu.
Answers to ACADEMIC RECORD and TRANSCRIPT QUESTIONS
The application asks for a list of relevant courses taken at my undergraduate institution. Do I still have to complete that part of the application if the courses are already listed on my uploaded official transcript? or: I attended a university in another country, and the course names and textbook names are all in a foreign language. Do I still need to fill out the list of undergraduate courses on the application form? To ensure that your application is processed correctly and considered by the admissions committee, please fill out all forms completely, even if you believe some of the information is already on your academic transcript or are uncertain that the information will be useful and necessary. The physics department specifically requires that candidates submit additional documentation of their most advanced courses and textbooks used. Where do I submit that list? In addition to filling out the course abstract in the main application, you should submit your list of advanced courses and textbooks used in the Additional Academic information/materials section of the online application. The application instructions ask students applying to the physics program to list the four most advanced physics/astronomy courses and the two most advanced math courses they have taken so far. May I list more than six total courses? Yes -- applicants are permitted to list additional advanced courses in relevant subjects if they wish. As an undergraduate, I’ve taken several advanced theoretical courses that can’t easily be classified as either pure physics or pure math. In my list of advanced courses, should I classify these courses as physics or math? In filling out your list of advanced coursework, the admissions committee asks that you please use your best judgment in deciding how to classify your courses. Do I need my undergraduate institution to mail in my transcripts for me, or can I mail them myself? Candidates do not need to ask their undergraduate institutions to mail in student transcripts.
The Graduate School requires that you upload a copy of your transcript from each college/university attended with your online application. Foreign transcripts---records of all courses, seminars, and examinations, including grades, scores, grading scales, and conferrals of degrees---must be in English. If records are not available in English, original records must be uploaded with certified English translations. All translations must be literal and complete versions of the original records. The University reserves the right to request additional academic documents. If I spent a semester at another university under a study-abroad program, but all my grades are reported on my home institution’s transcript, do I need to send a redundant transcript from the study-abroad institution? As long as grades for all your courses are reported on your home institution's transcript, there is no need to submit a redundant transcript from your study-abroad institution. I spent a few semesters at one undergraduate institution before transferring to another. Do I need to provide transcripts from both institutions? The department requires that transfer students submit official transcripts from all undergraduate institutions that they have attended -- every undergraduate class taken by a student at any institution should appear on an official transcript.
由美國哈佛大學教授塔爾班夏哈（Tal Ben-Shahar）所撰寫的暢銷書《更快樂》（Happier: Learn the Secrets to Daily Joy and Lasting Fulfillment）中，以「正向心理學」說明了拼命三郎型的人們把達成目標當成衡量成就的標準，而不重視追求目標的過程，以致於他們無法享受所做的事情，老以為達到某個目標就能得到快樂。
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回复删除微分微垂直 E=Bv sin cos..... 不要沾戀 戀佔位子
回复删除"微分" "垂直" "sin" "cos" "E" "B" 還是會在意 搜尋能力 E=PC E=BC
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Wire puzzle
Cast puzzle
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Square steel puzzle http://www.wirepuzzle.com/ ? 綜合人 拼湊拼盤拼圖 水彩彩光人)
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The Harvard physics program does not permit students to apply for a master's (AM) degree -- the program only accepts applications for a PhD, although many physics PhD students receive an AM degree along the way to completing their doctorate. However, the applied physics program at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) offers a master of science degree -- you can examine their areas of research at http://www.physics.harvard.edu/research/facresearch.html.
回复删除On the online application form, I found a place to upload a "writing sample." Are writing samples required by the physics department? ts and Sciences (GSAS) require a writing sample, but the physics department does not. For information on the required materials for the application to the physics program, please see GSAS page for prospective physics students. Are there separate deadlines for online and paper materials?
To ensure consideration of your application, please ensure that all your application materials meet the physics graduate program's deadline.
Answers to SUBJECT AREAS
Can I apply both to physics and another program at the same time?
Prospective students are indeed permitted to apply simultaneously to two separate programs at Harvard. For example, students are free to apply both to the Department of Physics and SEAS. (By contrast, students may not apply to multiple departments within any single program, so you cannot apply to two different departments that are both contained within SEAS.)
From the official application instructions: "Consideration by More than One Program — [...] The Graduate School does not recommend submission of more than one application. However, if you choose to submit multiple applications (up to a limit of two), the applications may not share any item. Each application must have its own transcripts, recommendations, financial data, test scores, [application fee], etc. All supplemental materials must be scanned, uploaded, and attached to your online application. It is Graduate School policy that an individual may
submit only one application per program. It is Graduate School policy that an individual may submit no more than three applications during the course of his or her academic career."
回复删除Will my application be harmed if I apply to two separate programs?
Your application will not be negatively affected.
My undergraduate background is in engineering, and most of my technical courses are in applied math, applied chemistry, and applied physics. Is Harvard’s physics department the right program for me?
The physics department has had many students with an undergraduate engineering degree. Given your undergraduate major in mechanical engineering, and your previous courses in applied math, applied chemistry, and applied physics, you might also be interested in applying to one of the programs in Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) -- you may find it useful to examine their areas of research.
I’m hoping to do observational astronomy/astrophysics at the Center for Astrophysics (CfA). Should I be applying to the department of physics?
Astrophysics is offered by both the Department of Astronomy and of Physics. If deemed appropriate, applications for Astrophysics may be transferred by the Physics committee to the Department of Astronomy for review.
If you're interested in doing observational astronomy/astrophysics at the Center for Astrophysics (CfA), you might consider applying to Harvard’s Department of Astronomy instead of or in addition to the physics department. For more information about the astronomy department, please see http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/ast/.
I’m concerned about which department I should apply to.
The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) permits candidates to apply to up to two programs at the same time, and up to three over a student's entire career. Furthermore, admissions committees sometimes share applications when they believe certain candidates have interests that suit other programs.
I know that applicants are allowed to apply to two departments simultaneously. I don’t see an "add second department" option -- do I need to open a second application?
回复删除Students who are applying to two programs must submit two applications.
Answers to ACCEPTANCE QUESTIONS
Given my academic background, what are my odds of acceptance?
The physics department's admissions committee reviews each candidate's entire application, including statement of purpose, transcript, experience, GRE scores, and letters of recommendation -- the statement of purpose and letters of recommendation being especially important. Beyond that, the department cannot determine in advance the likelihood of success in any particular case.
Answers to ENROLLMENT/FUNDING QUESTIONS
Do I need to submit financial information with my application?
Financial information is not required for applications to the physics department.
How much funding do physics graduate students receive?
All Harvard physics graduate students are guaranteed funding, which fully covers tuition and fees, the student's health insurance (family members can join the student's plan, but must fully pay their own share), and an annual salary of approximately $25k, or $30k if the student secures summer funding as well or if the student wins an outside fellowship (the NSF GRFP, for example).
How do graduate students without external fellowships secure summer funding at Harvard’s physics program?
Students can obtain summer funding by obtaining a research appointment (RA) with a faculty member’s research group. Students who are unable to obtain a summer RA can instead secure funding by assistant-teaching summer classes, or by working in the library or machine shop.
Are international PhD students guaranteed funding at Harvard’s physics department?
Many international students apply to and are accepted to our physics program; in past years, up to 40% of our students have been international. And all PhD students -- including international students -- are guaranteed funding. Please see our "Admissions and Financial Aid" page (in particular, the section under "Financial Aid") for detailed information about our program's funding structure for graduate students.
Does the physics department permit part-time enrollment?
The department does not permit part-time enrollment. Full-time enrollment is considered to be 40 hours per week, although in practice most graduate students often work much longer hours -- the work consists mainly of research, but certain semesters also include assistant-teaching.
Answers to ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS
What courses are required for candidacy to the program?
There are no specific, mandatory course requirements for candidacy. However, prospective students should be well-versed in intermediate physics and mathematics. Typically, applicants will have devoted between 50 and 60 credit hours -- approximately half of their undergraduate work -- to physics, mathematics, and chemistry. It is desirable for every applicant to have completed at least one year of introductory quantum mechanics classes.
My undergraduate major is in a subject different from physics, and I did not take key physics classes like statistical physics and quantum mechanics, but I have strengths in other areas, such as high GRE scores. Am I precluded from applying?
回复删除Everyone is entitled to apply to the physics program. Weaker course background can sometimes be balanced out by stronger areas on a prospective student's application for admission, such as GRE scores, but the department cannot determine in advance the likelihood of success in any particular case.
Can I still apply for the PhD program if I plan on graduating from my undergraduate institution during the summer before the first fall semester?
The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) requires only that incoming students have graduated by their intended date of matriculation, so graduating during the summer before the first fall semester is generally acceptable.
What are the course requirements for obtaining a PhD?
Course requirements for physics PhD students consist of:
- 2 semesters of graduate-level quantum mechanics (at the level of Merzbacher or Gottfried/Yan),
- 1 semester of graduate-level statistical mechanics (at the level of Pathria),
- 1 semester of graduate-level electromagnetism (at the level of Jackson),
- 4 semesters of elective courses at the graduate level, with no more than 2 in any single subject area
- 1 semester of the graduate-level experimental laboratory course (for theorists)
Some of these requirements may be waived if the student has taken equivalent courses previously, depending on the discretion of the physics department's Committee on Higher Degrees. For more details, please see our official page on course requirements, as well as our page on petitioning the Committee on Higher Degrees for course credit.
You can find a full list of course offerings in the physics department here and course offerings from other departments by visiting courses.my.harvard.edu.
Answers to ACADEMIC RECORD and TRANSCRIPT QUESTIONS
回复删除The application asks for a list of relevant courses taken at my undergraduate institution. Do I still have to complete that part of the application if the courses are already listed on my uploaded official transcript?
or:
I attended a university in another country, and the course names and textbook names are all in a foreign language. Do I still need to fill out the list of undergraduate courses on the application form?
To ensure that your application is processed correctly and considered by the admissions committee, please fill out all forms completely, even if you believe some of the information is already on your academic transcript or are uncertain that the information will be useful and necessary.
The physics department specifically requires that candidates submit additional documentation of their most advanced courses and textbooks used. Where do I submit that list?
In addition to filling out the course abstract in the main application, you should submit your list of advanced courses and textbooks used in the Additional Academic information/materials section of the online application.
The application instructions ask students applying to the physics program to list the four most advanced physics/astronomy courses and the two most advanced math courses they have taken so far. May I list more than six total courses?
Yes -- applicants are permitted to list additional advanced courses in relevant subjects if they wish.
As an undergraduate, I’ve taken several advanced theoretical courses that can’t easily be classified as either pure physics or pure math. In my list of advanced courses, should I classify these courses as physics or math?
In filling out your list of advanced coursework, the admissions committee asks that you please use your best judgment in deciding how to classify your courses.
Do I need my undergraduate institution to mail in my transcripts for me, or can I mail them myself?
Candidates do not need to ask their undergraduate institutions to mail in student transcripts.
The Graduate School requires that you upload a copy of your transcript from each college/university attended with your online application. Foreign transcripts---records of all courses, seminars, and examinations, including grades, scores, grading scales, and conferrals of degrees---must be in English. If records are not available in English, original records must be uploaded with certified English translations. All translations must be literal and complete versions of the original records. The University reserves the right to request additional academic documents.
If I spent a semester at another university under a study-abroad program, but all my grades are reported on my home institution’s transcript, do I need to send a redundant transcript from the study-abroad institution?
As long as grades for all your courses are reported on your home institution's transcript, there is no need to submit a redundant transcript from your study-abroad institution.
I spent a few semesters at one undergraduate institution before transferring to another. Do I need to provide transcripts from both institutions?
The department requires that transfer students submit official transcripts from all undergraduate institutions that they have attended -- every undergraduate class taken by a student at any institution should appear on an official transcript.
倘若博客被移除，就会"留大家的"(記名柯萬財or无名氏)楞嚴咒以結緣。2021年11月10日 20:01
台大校方經諮詢外籍教授後，「教學館」英文名稱一致使用Lecture Building，而「共同」、「普通」、「綜合」、「新生」、「博雅」等不同館舍名稱則採用Gongtong（共同）、Putong（普通）、Zonghe（綜合）、Xinsheng（新生）、Boya（博雅）等音譯名。
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回复删除2016/01/11, 生活
哈佛大學長達75年的「幸福感」研究：想要快樂美好的人生，重點要有「關係」
哈佛大學長達75年的「幸福感」研究：想要快樂美好的人生，重點要有「關係」
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班夏哈教授指出，實證研究和名人事蹟的確顯示，設定目標和個人成就確實有關聯，不過，和快樂之間就沒有直接關係...
撰稿：廖庭瑋
你的人生目標是什麼？
根據一份最近針對千禧年出生的年輕人所做的調查，有超過八成的年輕人表示他們的人生目標是想成為有錢人，而有五成的年輕人說他們另個人生目標是變得有名。
其實並不難想像調查中年輕人對於名利的想望，起因於我們時常被規勸要在工作上全力以赴、接受更多挑戰、達成更高目標；這個想法也使我們對人生產生了一種想像：為了要有美好生活，必須實踐「拼命三郎」的行為模式與生活形態。
由美國哈佛大學教授塔爾班夏哈（Tal Ben-Shahar）所撰寫的暢銷書《更快樂》（Happier: Learn the Secrets to Daily Joy and Lasting Fulfillment）中，以「正向心理學」說明了拼命三郎型的人們把達成目標當成衡量成就的標準，而不重視追求目標的過程，以致於他們無法享受所做的事情，老以為達到某個目標就能得到快樂。
班夏哈教授指出，實證研究和名人事蹟的確顯示，設定目標和個人成就確實有關聯，不過，和快樂之間就沒有直接關係。這也解釋了為何有些人達成目標後，卻沒有感受到原本預期會獲得的快樂感。
撇開功成名就，但如果其實快樂、健康、滿足感才是我們應該追求的人生終極目標，那又該如何達成？
哈佛大學醫學院臨床精神病學教授羅伯威丁格Robert Waldinger從他所主持的史上最長的「幸福感」（Happiness）研究，給了我們一個值得參考的答案。
這個哈佛大學針對成人生活所作的研究至今已進行75年，而威丁格教授是該研究的第四個主持人。從1938年開始，研究總共追蹤了724位成人，每一年研究團隊都會詢問研究對象的工作、生活、健康等狀況。
類似如此長期的大型研究都會面臨一些挑戰，例如：受測者中途退出、研究經費不足、研究員研究重心轉移或死亡而無人接手。但是基於堅持與運氣，原先的七百多位受測者中，至今還存活的大約有60位，而他們也都已經九十多歲。
研究是從兩大群背景迥異的美國波士頓居民開始。第一組是哈佛大學的大二學生，他們後來在二次世界大戰期間全都完成大學文憑，並且大部份的人都從軍參與戰事。第二組則是從波士頓地區最貧困的地區挑選出來的居民，他們住在破舊的房舍中，許多人家中都沒有乾淨的冷熱水。
當他們同意參加研究後，所有的青少年都被逐一訪談並接受醫療檢查，除此之外，研究人員還到所有研究對象的家中拜訪，親自與他們的父母親面談。後來這些青少年長大成人了，進入各行各業，有工廠工人、律師、瓦工、醫生、某一任美國總統等；也有些人酗酒，有些人患有精神分裂，有些人從社會底層一路往上爬至上流階級，也有些人則往全然不同的方向走。
大概在75年前沒有人可以想像這個研究至今仍持續進行，只是目前研究對象也開始轉向原先七百多位老先生老太太的兩千名子孫。
那麼，從七十幾年來、幾十萬頁的訪談資料與醫療記錄中，究竟帶給我們什麼樣的研究結果與啓發？
「有個很清楚的訊息：良好的關係讓我們維持快樂與健康。就這樣。」
威丁格教授微笑表示，關於「關係」有三個重點：
1. 孤單有害 社交活躍有益健康
與家人、朋友、社群保持較多聯繫的人，心靈比較快樂、身體也較健康；研究也顯示，社交活躍的人比較長壽。孤單的感覺對身心都是毒害，如果人們非自願地感到孤獨，會容易感到不快樂，在中年時健康狀況會提早衰退，大腦功能較早開始退化，因此容易早逝。
2. 友不在數量多寡 而在關係深淺
我們在人群、聚會或婚姻中也會感到孤獨，所以真正重要的是：關係的「質」。
高衝突的關係對我們的健康有負面影響，例如：身處爭執不斷的婚姻，可能在健康上，還不如離婚的好。而反之，在良好與溫暖的關係中，對健康就有保護作用。
根據研究，人們進入五十歲時，影響他們日後的健康狀況的，不是膽固醇高低，而是他們對目前所在關係的滿意度。意思是說，在五十歲對關係擁有最高滿意度的人，在八十歲時是最健康的一群。顯然，親密的關係能減緩老化帶來的生理與心理衝擊。
3. 良好關係不只保護身體 也保護腦力
研究顯示，是否能在年老時感受到仰賴與信任另一方，對於腦部健康有重大影響。八十幾歲的老先生若能感覺到有可以依靠的對象，他的記憶力就能更長時間地保持清晰；反推之，若老先生沒有這種感受，他就可能提早面臨記憶力衰退。
從這個75年研究結果所得的智慧，在在說明了「關係」的重要——最快樂健康的人是與家人朋友擁有親密關係的那些人。
只不過，對絕大多數的人而言，維持關係並不是件簡單的事，如著名心理學家阿德勒也曾說過，人的煩惱都是從人際關係而來。
「美好人生建立在良好關係上。」威丁格教授在結語強調著，雖然不容易，但是卻值得我們投入精神時間。
不論你現在是25、40或60歲，問問自己，除了追求工作成就，你是否也想開始打造你的美好人生呢？
本文獲TEDxTaipei授權刊登，原文於此
責任編輯：羊正鈺
核稿編輯：楊之瑜